Ihinduka ryibishushanyo mbonerahamwe ya electrode yagaragaye, kandi biteganijwe ko inyungu zo gukira. Isesengura ryimbitse ryinganda

Inyungu zishushanya Inganda za electrode niterambere. Iyi ngingo rero yibanda kuri electrote.

2, gusobanukirwa gushushanya electrote

Igishushanyo cya electrode ni igishushanyo kirwanya ubushyuhe bukomeye gishobora gukora amashanyarazi akabu kandi atanga amashanyarazi, akoreshwa cyane mumusaruro wibyuma.

Ibikoresho bya fatizo mu gishushanyo mbonera cy'inganda za electrode ni peke ya peteroli hamwe na coke ya couts, konti yo kubara umubare munini wa electrode ya 65%. Kubera ingorane zo kwemeza ko inkombe y'ishingo yo mu minyago yasohowe mu bushinwa, ubushinwa bwishingikirije ku bicuruzwa byo mu mahanga butumizwa mu mahanga buracyari hejuru.

3, itangwa rya none nibisabwa

1. Ibihe

Mu myaka yashize, inkunga n'ubuyobozi biva muri politiki yo mu rugo kugirango isimbure ibyuma hamwe nitanura rya ARC inzira yo kwinjiza ibyuma bigufi byatumye habaho kwiyongera kubishushanyo mbonera byubushinwa.

Dukurikije igitekerezo cya "kutabogama kwa karubone", guhindura inganda gakondo bitwara ingufu nyinshi biri mu byerekezo bibiri: imwe ni ko hashyizweho amashanyarazi y'umwimerere, naho ubundi ni ukuzamura. Inganda z'ibyuma ni "amakara asanzwe", bivuze ko itanura rya arc risebanya bisaba stoel stael steltrode na graprote.

Amashanyarazi meza kandi ultra imbaraga zamashanyarazi akoreshwa cyane cyane mugukora ibyuma bidafite ingaruka no kubyuma bidasanzwe. Kubera imyambarire y'inganda nkeya, gukosora ibidukikije no kuvugurura ibidukikije, ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro no gusohoka hanze y'Ubushinwa bikomeje kugabanuka, kandi iki gice cya serivisi zirenga 90% by'isoko ryisi yose. Kubwibyo, icyuho kiri hagati yumusaruro no kunywa byuzuyemo ibicuruzwa byohereza ibishushanyo mbonera biva mubushinwa.

Kuva mu 2017, umusaruro w'Ubushinwa warasubiwemo kandi ugera kuri toni 800.000 muri 2019. Ugereranije nisoko ryisi yose, abakora murugo bafite urwego rwo hasi rwibishushanyo mbonera bya electrode. Ariko, kubwiza-burebure bwa ultra-bubi, ubushobozi bwo gukora murugo ni buke cyane. Muri 2019, umusaruro w'Ubushinwa ufite amagorofa meza cyane ultra-akomeye, kubara abantu bagera kuri 106 gusa, kandi hari icyuho gikomeye mumiterere yibishushanyo bya electrode yamashanyarazi.

2. Ibisabwa

Mu myaka yashize, umusaruro w'ibyuma mpuzamahanga ku isi wakomeje gukura neza. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibyuma, kubaka, gupakira, no gusiganwa kuri gari ya moshi bigenda birushaho gukwirakwira, kandi ku bicuruzwa by'icyuma nabyo biragenda byiyongera. Muri icyo gihe, ireme ry'ibicuruzwa by'ibyuma ryateye imbere, kandi amabwiriza y'ibidukikije aragenda yiyongera. Abakora ibyuma bamwe bahindukirira amashanyarazi ya arc itanura, kandi ibishushanyo bya electrode nibyingenzi kumatamico ya arc, bityo itamba ryamashanyarazi, bityo itangwa ryibisabwa kugirango ireme rya electrode nziza. Duhereye ku buryo butoroshye, hafi 70% by ibyuma bidasanzwe by'Ubushinwa na 100% by'ibyuma byinshi bikozwe n'impande za ARC ya ARC. Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza ryo hejuru ryicyuma ridasanzwe mu Bushinwa rizatwara iterambere ryitanura ryamashanyarazi na electrode yamashanyarazi kumatanura yamashanyarazi.

Umubare w'amatara y'amashanyarazi usebanya mu Bushinwa uracyari munsi ugereranije ku isi, ariko icyuho kiragenda gigabanya buhoro buhoro. Ubuyobozi bwateganyaga ko na 2025, igipimo cya steel scrap mu bigo by'icyuma by'ibyuma ntibizaba munsi ya 30%. Biteganijwe ko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byashushanyije kuva mu Bushinwa biziyongera kugera kuri toni 398000 na 2023, hamwe n'umuvuduko w'umwaka wa 5.5%.